What is a vector in air traffic management?

In air traffic management, a vector refers to a heading issued to an aircraft for navigational guidance. When air traffic controllers provide vectors, they are directing pilots to follow a specific bearing or path. This is crucial for maintaining safe separation between aircraft, managing traffic flows, and helping pilots navigate efficiently, especially near busy airports or when rerouting due to weather or other factors.

The use of vectors allows controllers to provide dynamic, real-time instructions based on current air traffic conditions and ensures that aircraft can safely maneuver to their assigned waypoints. This practice enhances situational awareness for both pilots and controllers, contributing to overall safety in the airspace system.